Cryptology, Heartbleed and in between.

Disclaimer : This blog post will be long and full of technical information! It is interesting and informative, but long and very technical - read at your own risk.

As many of you might have heard, a rather serious security breach was found on what was believed one of the most secure protocols in existence. I'm talking of course about the infamous "heart bleed" bug. I do wish to clarify one thing, the "heart bleed" in itself is not a form of attack, but rather a bug - a rather serious one in the engine of the famous cryptographic software library - openSSL. The bug in itself allows the the abuser of the bug to retrieve more information from the server than he is entitled to. To explain a little, imagine a world in which when I asked you a question, I had to to tell you how many characters you response should hold, and you were bound to answer that exact amount of characters, even if the answer to my question had less than that. Now normally if I asked to retrieve a string of information that I know in advance is 50 Characters, but I tell the server that I'm expecting 51 characters, the server would drop the request as the information request would be suspicious.. But what if some bug caused the server not to verify the length? The server would simply give me all 51 characters, or 500 or however many characters I'd request - Basically I could get the Entire server dump from any page that used open SSL! That is in essence the bug that is referred to as "heart bleed". For more information, you can follow this link.

Now that you all know a bit more about it, It's time to relax you all a little, I've spoken to Juvix, our security is not compromised as the SSL solution we use is not subjected to the "heart bleed" bug so our information along with your passwords, eMail addresses, messaged and everything else on the website is safe and sound! That said, having a secure password is always useful and helpful, not only for you but for the entire community, and I think that it's only fair that I told you how it worked . Most servers stores the passwords in an encrypted form using a one way encryption key. One way encryption basically means that the key used to encrypt the string will not decode it correctly - Truth be told, in most cases, it can't be decoded at all! That is why most servers allow you to change the password if you forgot it, but not to simply retrieve it. The Authentication is done in the following matter:

• Once registered, the password the member chose is ran through the encryption algorithm using the one way key  - the resulting string is stored in the password database.
• Upon login attempt, the entered password is ran though the same algorithm.
• The two strings are compared by the server - if the compared strings match, the user is authenticated, otherwise, it's not.
• On either case, the password entered on the login attempt is stored on a one time only buffer - and is dropped immediately after the login attempt weather successful or not.

With all the previous information at hand there is always the risk of reverse engineering - basically engineering a key that would take the encrypted string and decode it, or some of it. To make it harder to decode there are some rules that can help you create a password this is extremely hard to decode.

• Have at least 8 characters in your password.
• Use at least 3 of the following 4 character categories:
  • Uppercase Letters
  • Lowercase Letters
  • Numbers
  • Symbols
• Use the number and the symbols in the middle of your password.
• Try not to repeat any characters you have already used (please note that uppercase and lowercase letters are NOT considered the same character)
• Do not use more than two consecutive characters of the same group (ARX/925/ysa)
• Don't use more than two sequential characters either incremental or decremental (def / 765)

You can check the strength of your password here.